Windows 2000 Professional Installation

From: Sigdel, Dhruba R
Sent: Wednesday, June 04, 2008 8:37 AM
To: 'fewa.blogsome.com'
Subject: Windows 2000 Professional Installation

Windows 2000 Professional Installation
The following are the installation requirements for a Windows 2000 Professional workstation:

• 133 MHz or higher Pentium-compatible processor
• 64MB minimum; 4GB maximum)
• 2GB hard drive with a minimum of 650 MB of free space(Additional free hard disk space is required if you are installing over a network).
• Windows 2000 Professional supports up to 2 processors.

Always check the HCL before beginning any installation. Installations can be created on any type of partition-FAT, FAT32, or NTFS. NTFS is recommended, but use FAT or FAT 32 for dual booting. Upgrades can be performed on Windows 9x machines and NT 3.51 and higher OS's. To upgrade a Windows 3.1 or NT 3.5, first upgrade to Windows 9x or NT 4.0, respectively. To install over a network, install a distribution server first. Slipstreaming is the ability to install Windows 2000 and the service packs at the same time, and can be done using a distribution image for many computers. There are four logs for troubleshooting failed installations: Setupact.log, Setuperr.log, Setupapi.log and Setuplog.txt.

The following table lists some of the common switches available for use with WINNT.EXE

WINNT.EXE:
/e: command	Executes a command before the last phase of setup.
/r: foldername	Creates an additional folder in the folder where the Windows 2000 files are installed. The folder IS NOT DELETED after Setup finishes. You can use additional /r switches to install additional folders.
/rx: foldername	Creates a folder to be copied as a part of setup - into the Windows 2000 directory, but the folder IS DELETED as setup finishes.

Use Winnt32.exe for a clean installation or upgrade from Windows 9.x or NT Workstation. There are a number of switches that can be used with winnt32.exe. Below are a couple of the important ones:

WINNT32.EXE:
/copydir: foldername	Creates an additional folder in the folder where the Windows 2000 files are installed. The folder IS NOT DELETED after Setup finishes. You can use additional /r switches to install additional folders. Same as /r for winnt.exe.
/copysource: foldername	Creates a folder to be copied as a part of setup - into the Windows 2000 directory, but the folder IS DELETED as setup finishes. Same as /rx for winnt.exe.
/cmd:	Executes a command before the last phase of setup. Same as /e: for winnt.exe.
/cmdcons	Installs the appropriate files to restart the system in command-line non-graphical mode for repair purposes.
/syspart	Prepares a hard disk to be transferred to another computer system. This switch installs setup files and marks the partition active. Requires the use of /tempdrive switch.
/tempdrive	Specifies which drive to install Windows 2000 temporary files during setup.
/makelocalsource	Copies all of the Windows 2000 source files to the target drive during installation.
/noreboot	Avoids reboot after installation so that another command can be run.
/checkupgradeonly	Checks your system for incompatibilities that will prevent a successful upgrade.
/unattend	Upgrades your previous version of Windows by using unattended Setup mode. All user settings are taken from the previous installation so that no user intervention is required during Setup. You can also use this command in an unattended installation by specifying the [seconds][:answer_file] variables.

Windows 2000 Professional supports unattended installations. The /U switch is used for unattended installations and is followed by the location of the answer and installation files. Unattended installations can be done for clean installs as well as upgrades. Unattended installations can be fully automated. The default answer file that ships with Win2K is called unattend.txt and can be modified. Setup Manager can also create answer files. For more in depth information about unattended installations, read our tutorial Windows 2000 Unattended Installations.

Windows 2000 comes with a variety of tools that can be helpful during installations. Understand the following concepts:

• Disk duplication is used when the computers have identical hardware configurations, and is only used for clean installs.
• Sysprep is used when you need to prepare an image of a computer for cloning but does not provide the actual distribution of this image. That is done with third-party tools.
• To use Remote Installation Service(RIS), there must be DHCP server service, DNS server service, and AD running on the network.
• Scripting is used when computers have different hardware configurations and when disk duplication cannot be used. Answer files offer information that is normally manually input into installation dialog boxes like user name, password, domain name, time zones, etc.

Windows 2000 Professional Backup and Recovery

From: Sigdel, Dhruba R
Sent: Wednesday, June 04, 2008 8:44 AM
To: 'nepalifren.blogspot.com'
Subject: Windows 2000 Professional Backup and Recovery

Recovery Console:
Now that you have installed Windows 2000, you should immediately take steps to protect your installation by installing the Recovery Console. Recovery Console is similar to the emergency repair disk in NT 4.0, but with many functionality enhancements. Recovery Console will allow you to You can start and stop services, read and write data on a local drive (including drives formatted with the NTFS file system), copy data from a floppy disk or CD, format drives, fix the boot sector or master boot record, and perform other administrative tasks. With Windows NT 4.0, many administrators would create a FAT partition that would allow them to boot to a DOS prompt. The recovery console eliminates the need to create a FAT partition for this purpose.

Recovery Console is set up as follows:
Insert the installation CD and switch to the I386 directory. Type C:\>winnt32 /cmdcons. When asked for confirmation, answer "yes". The file will be copied to the hard disk. After rebooting the computer you will be able to select "Microsoft Windows 2000 Command Console" and start Windows 2000 in command mode. You will be prompted for a Windows 2000 installation that you wish to repair and will be prompted for the Adminstrator password. Once you are in, there is a wide variety of commands that you will be able to perform. Type HELP for a list of all of the commands. Some of the more important commands are:

• DISKPART - Similar to fdisk
• LISTSVC - Lists services
• ENABLE/DISABLE - Enable/disable service or driver
• FIXBOOT - Create a new boot sector on the system partition
• FIXMBR - Repairs master boot record
• MAP - Shows a list of drives and ARC paths.
• LOGON - Choose which installation to work with

Backup:
The Backup program has been greatly enhanced in order to support Active Directory and a much wider variety of backup media including removable disks, network drives, logical drives and tape devices are now supported. Another nice feature is that an integrated scheduling option has been added which relieves the need to use AT or other scheduling utility. For more in depth information on backing up Windows 2000, read our tutorial Backing Up and Restoring Windows 2000.
Other:
Windows 2000 has several other utilities to aid in the event of a failure, many of which are included in "Advanced Options" which are accessed by pressing F8 at the boot menu. In order to troubleshoot failures, it is a good idea to understand the boot process which occurs in the following steps:

1. Power-on self test (POST)
2. Initial startup
3. Bootstrap loader process
4. Select operating system
5. Detecting hardware
6. Selecting a configuration
7. Loading and initializing the kernel(Ntoskrnl.exe)
8. Log on

The boot process requires the following files:

File	Location
NTLDR	Active Partition
Boot.ini	Active Partition
Ntdetect.com	Active Partition
Ntoskrnl.exe	%SystemRoot%\System32
Hal.dll	%SystemRoot%\System32
SYSTEM key	%SystemRoot%\System32\Config
Device drivers	%SystemRoot%\System32\Drivers

Ntbootdd.sys is required only if you are using a SCSI-controlled boot partition, and the SCSI adapter does not have a SCSI BIOS enabled. Bootsect.dos is required only for multiple booting.

When working with the boot.ini file, you need to understand ARC naming conventions. ARC is an architecture-independant way of naming drives for x86, risc, alpha, etc. NT uses this convention in its boot.ini file to determine which disk holds the OS. The table below will explain the different options.

Multi(x)	Specifies an EIDE disk or a SCSI disk if the bios is enabled to detect it. Can only be used on x86 systems. "x" is the number of the controller.
SCSI(x)	Defines a SCSI controller if the BIOS is not enabled to do so. Again, "x" is the number of the controller.
Disk(x)	Defines which SCSI disk the OS is on. If SCSI(x) was used then x=the SCSI ID of the drive. If Multi(x) was used then x=0.
Rdisk(x)	Defines disk which the OS is on when it is on an EIDE disk. x=0-1 if on primary controller. x=2-3 if on multi-channel EIDE controller.
Partition(x)	Specifies the partition that the operating system is located on. (x)=the partition's number.

Below are the various recovery tools included in Windows 2000.

·  ERD - Emergency Repair Disk. The RDISK utility found in NT 4.0 is gone. An ERD is now created using the ntbackup utility and no longer backs up registry data.

·  Enable VGA Mode - Located in the advanced options menu, this utility allows one to fix display settings or drivers that have caused the display to become unviewable.

·  Last Known Good Configuration - Tells Windows 2000 to forget any changes that you have made since the previous boot, by looking for the last configuration that did not cause system critical errors at boot. Good to try if you have made a change to the system and then rebooted with problems.

·  Safe Mode - Loads a minimal version of Windows 2000 with only the drivers needed to boot the computer. Because this option does not load any network services or drivers, it is a good tool to use when you suspect that the problem lies in this area.

·  Safe Mode With Networking - Same as Safe Mode, but includes networking support.

·  Safe Mode With Command Prompt - Safe Mode in which EXPLORER.EXE is replaced by CMD.EXE. From the command prompt it is still possible to run Explorer and other GUI applications from a command line. No networking support in this mode.

Mona Lisa Modern Versions

Common Codes for LG (CDMA)

gc-300, etc Nam Programming:

Nam Set: Menu, 9, Spc

A-key: Press “Sto” 3sec, 2539**

lgc-330w, etc Nam Programming:

Nam Set: Menu, 4, 0, Spc

A-key: 2539**

lgc-510, v111, etc Nam Programming:

Nam Set: Menu, 3, 0, Spc

A-key: 2539**

lgc-500, 800w, etc Nam Programming:

Nam Set: Menu, 9 , 0, Spc

Debug Mode: Menu, 7, 0, Fsc

Debug Mode: Menu, 8, 0, Fsc

A-key: 2539**

Lg LX,VX-series, VX4400, VX6000, etc Nam Programming:

Nam Set: ##Spc

Nam Set: Menu, 0

Advanced Settings: ##2342

Vocoder: ##8626337,ok

CAI Change: ##7738,ok

Enable TTY: ##889,ok

A-key: ##2539,ok

Reset (Life time, Clear Memory, etc): ##786,ok

Common codes for Motorola (CDMA)

Motorola 7760, 7860, 2260, 8160, etc Nam Programming:

Nam Set: Fcn,0000000000000, Rcl

Nam Set: 74663#, Fcn, Fcn

Test Mode: Fcn, 00**83786633, Sto

Motorola v60c, v120c etc Nam Programming:

Nam Set: 74663#, Menu, Menu, Spc

Nam Set: Menu, 073887, * (type quickly)

Test Mode: Menu, 073887*, Spc

Debug Mode: ##33284

Force the phone into DIGITAL ONLY mode:

1) ##33284 (Debug)

2) RIGHT Softkey (Next) Twice

3) Down arrow 10 times to “PrefMod”

4) RIGHT Softkey (Change) until you see “DigOnly”

5) LEFT softkey (Exit)

6) MENU then LEFT Softkey return to idle screen

7) ##33284 (The last 4 will not display if you have done it correctly)

Motorola t182, c210, etc Nam Programming:

Nam Set: ##1111 end

Nam Set: ##298645665 end

Short Nam: ##073887 sto

Motorola v710, v730, v740, ms150, etc Nam Programming:

Nam Set: 8378*# + press 3 times NATE (spc - 071082)

Test Mode: Menu, 073887*, Spc

Service Menu: #758353266#646#

Motorola StarTac 2004 Nam Programming:

Nam Set: 5759789*#, rec key (3)times (spc - 915037)

Motorola ms200, ms230, etc Nam Programming:

Nam Set: 5759789*# (spc - 915037)

Motorola v6060 Nam Programming:

Nam Set:147*369#456*0#

MOTOROLA TEST MODE:

v60, c120, c331, etc:

1) Turn on the phone. Press MENU 0 7 3 8 8 7 *

2) The phone will require you to “Enter a Security Code”, press 000000, OK

3) Scroll down to “Test mode” choose SELECT. Scroll down to “Enable”

choose SELECT. Your phone is now in test mode.

4) Signal strength is the 3_rd number down on the left hand side of the screen.

5) To toggle between regular mode and test mode: Press MODE then

quickly press the BUTTON DIRECTLY TO THE LEFT OF MENU.

6) To turn off the test mode the phone must be in regular mode, then follow

the above sequence and scroll down to where it says “DISABLE” instead of

“ENABLE” and choose select.